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Especially the amount of data for BPA provide a good basis for exposure estimates. However, the total migrates from cans may also contain oligomers, catalysts, reaction accelerators, epoxidized edible oils, amino resins, acrylic resins, various esters, waxes, lubricants, and metals. Furthermore, non-intentionally added substances NIAS such as impurities, reaction by-products and degradation products generally constitute a part of the migrate.
Exposure estimates for these, often complex mixtures are much more difficult or even impossible to calculate, because many NIAS are unknown or unidentified substances. A correlation exists between the human exposure to BPA and the consumption of canned food and, to a far lower extent, canned beverages. Can coatings generally release complex chemical mixture into the food and only few of the migrants were thoroughly tested. Extensive toxicity data exist for BPA covering many different endpoints such as reproductive and developmental effects as well as neurological, immune-modulatory, cardiovascular and metabolic effects.
In , BADGE was judged to not raise concern for genotoxicity, carcinogenicity, reprotoxicity and developmental toxicity. However, more recent studies indicated some effects on reprotoxic and developmental endpoints. Many migrating substances are completely unknown, but they may strongly contribute to the toxicity of the migrate. In , cytotoxic effects of migrates from epoxy- and polyester-based coatings were tested using a series of assays. The results of one of these assays showed that only about 0.
This example illustrates the importance of tests targeting the final migrate and not only single substances during risk assessment. FPF Dossier. Receive a bi-monthly summary of the latest news and stay up to date with developments in the field. Toggle navigation. December 15, Birgit Geueke. Why coated cans? Can production and market data Cans are made of three different materials: aluminum, tin-coated steel tinplate and electrolytic chromium coated steel ECCS.
Coatings: properties and alternatives Many different can coatings are commercially available, but most of them are based on a limited number of chemicals functionalities Table. Epoxy coatings In the s, epoxy resins were introduced as coatings for aluminum and steel cans. Oleoresins First can coatings were made of oleoresins, which are mixtures of oil and resin extracted from plants. Vinyl Vinyl coatings are synthesized from vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate.
Phenolic Phenolic resins are composed of phenols and aldehydes. Acrylic Acrylic resins are most commonly synthesized from ethylacrylate. Polyolefins Coatings that are based on dispersions of polyolefins have recently entered the market. Regulation U. Health effects Can coatings generally release complex chemical mixture into the food and only few of the migrants were thoroughly tested.
Bomgardner MM. No clear winner in race to find non-BPA can linings. Can production and market data LaKind JS. Can coatings for foods and beverages: Issues and options. Int J Technol Policy Manag. Robertson GL. Human Compatible Stuart Russell Inbunden. Lifespan David Sinclair Inbunden. How To Randall Munroe Inbunden. Inbunden Engelska, Spara som favorit. Updating results WorldCat is the world's largest library catalog, helping you find library materials online.
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